# 1. Getting Started¶

This Getting Started guide aims to get you using the Hotmaps-Dispatch-Application as quickly as possible

## 1.1. Workflow¶

1. Select a heat demand profile in the Heat Demand – Tab or upload your own profile via the Load Individual Data -Tab
2. Set the yearly heat consumption of your region in the Heat Demand – Tab or in the Paramters- Tab, by editing the Total Demand [MWh] input widget
3. Add predefined heat generators or heat storages in the Heat Producers and Heat Storage - Tab by pressing the + Button or upload custom generators via the Upload Power Plant Parameters – Button
4. Set various prices, parameters, profiles, etc. or upload your own data and click on the Run Dispatch Model - Button
5. After 60 to 120 seconds the results are shown in the output section

## 1.2. Things to consider¶

• Refreshing the page deletes all your progress
• Copy the link of the results if something occurs you can access your results within 2 hours (this saves you time)
• If you upload your own data, pay attention to the needed structure as described here and here
• Look up the heat generator types that are available when generating your custom structure outside the Application
• Don’t forget to press the ✓ - Button in the Sale-/Electricity Price Tab, because only so changes take effect
• If the page doesn’t respond for a long time or something else happened refresh the page and try again, if the issue is still present look up the User Guide, if you have still the issue please document all setting you set (which browser, parameters, data, etc. did you use)
• At last but not least, be patient…

# 2. User Guide¶

The User Guide is the primary resource for documenting key concepts that will help you use the Hotmaps-Dispatch-Application in your work

## 2.1. The Web User Interface¶

The figure below shows the User Interface. At first glance, you can see that the Application is divided into four sections:

1. Button Section
3. Output Section
4. Data Section

In the following chapters, each section is described in detail.

## 2.2. Button Section¶

### 2.2.1. Short Description:¶

• You can upload your saved progress, or a custom structure into the Application,
• You can run the model you created,
• You can reset the view for better workflow or
• You can start an investment model

### 2.2.2. Long Description:¶

By pressing this button, the browser will try to download a file with the name download_input.xlsx that contains all the Information regarding heat producers and heat storages. The downloaded file has the following format (for uploading the same format must be specified): It has five worksheets:

##### 2.2.2.1.1. Worksheets¶

The worksheets have following structure (columns):

• Heat Generators:

• prices and emission factors:

• Data:

• Heat Storage:

• Energy Carrier:

By clicking this button, a pop up window will open and you will be able to upload a xlsx file. That overwrites the content of the web user interface. The file you upload must have the structure as described before in the long description of the download powerplant parameters -Button.

Consider following:

• You have to create a file that has the same names for the worksheets and columns
• The worksheet names are case sensitive
• The column names are case sensitive
• You must specify an index column starting with 0
• You can create maximum 13 energy carriers

Following heat generator types are available (type column in the Heat Generators worksheet)

name available (case sensitive) Description Implementation Note
CHP-BP Back Pressure CHP
CHP-SE Steam Extraction CHP
boiler heat boiler
heat pump heat pump For temperatures < 0°C the heat pump doesn’t work
Solar Thermal Solar thermal plant
Waste treatment waste incineration plants
Waste Heat* Power plants that work with the unused heat from other power plants
Geo Thermal* Geo thermal power plant
Power To Heat* Power to heat devices

#### 2.2.2.3. Run ¶

By Pressing this button, the optimization will start. You will get a progress shown in the notification section. Depending on the structure you create the optimization will run for about 60 to 120 seconds. Please be aware that your browser might freeze at that time. After the solution is found the results are shown in the output section. You can download then the results via the buttons in the notification section. Also, if something gets wrong you will get information in the notification section. If unexpected errors occur please document and send detailed instruction to reproduce the error and send these instruction with a short problem description.

#### 2.2.2.4. Reset ¶

By pressing this button, the notification section and the output section will be cleared, and you will get a “fresh” view.

#### 2.2.2.5. Invest ¶

The Application is implemented as a linear program and can be used on the one hand as a pure dispatch model and on the other hand for investment planning (how much capacities to install) to cover a load profile with the minimum costs. If you enable this toggle button, it is important to specify the heat producers and heat storages by marking them (hold CTRL and left mouse click to select the desired generators and storages) for which an investment model should run.

## 2.3. Notification Section with Peak Load and Missing Capacities – Information¶

### 2.3.1. Short Description:¶

In this section, you will get information regarding the progress, the peak load, missing capacities and errors that occur.

### 2.3.2. Long Description:¶

In the following you will see some frequent messages (progress and error information) that might appear in the notification section.

#### 2.3.2.1. After pressing the Run Dispatch Model Button¶

• Dispatch in progress, please be patient… This can take some time. Typically, also to browser can freeze when the calculation is done and the results are rendered in the browser
• No Heat Generators available This will happen if you haven’t specified any heat generators and wanted to start the model from the initial page.
• The installed capacities are not enough to cover the load This will be shown when you haven’t specified enough MW to cover the peak load (see missing Capacities in the right sight of the notification section)
• Error: Problem proven to be infeasible or unbounded This happens typically when constraints cannot be met and can have a lot of reasons, its upon you to think about what could happen.
• Error: Please specify the technologies for the investment model This is shown when you enable investment planning but you forgot to select the heat generators and heat storages to mark, with whom it should do an investment optimization

#### 2.3.2.3. After Pressing the Upload Button¶

• Not a valid file to upload This is shown when you try to upload an filetype other then .xlsx
• Fatal Error @ Update This is shown when your file you want to upload has not the needed structure.

#### 2.3.2.4. After Pressing the Invest Button¶

• Mark Technologies by pressing “CTRL” + “left mouse” Rows are marked yellow As soon as you press the Invest Button you will see this Information in the notification section, it tells you that you need to specify for which generators and storages to do the investment planning. If you don’t mark technologies you will get the message as described here

#### 2.3.2.5. After Pressing the + Button in the Heat Producers and Heat Storage Tab¶

• This waiting spinner is especially visible after pressing the + Button, typically the browser freezes, so be patient, the add section is loading

#### 2.3.2.7. After Pressing the ✓ - Button in the Sale-/Electricity Price Tab¶

• Sale-/Electricity price Data is set as Default
• Sale-/Electricity price Data for Heat Generator name is added

• Invalid Filetyp to load @ Loading External Data This is shown when you try to upload a filetype that is not .xlsx or .csv
• Your file has not enough values (please specify 8760 values) Your file that you upload has to have the structure as described here
• External Data Loaded This is shown when the external Data has been uploaded.

#### 2.3.2.9. After Pressing the ✓ Save Button in the Load Individual Data –Tab¶

• External Data name added to Profile as name_1 This is shown after adding a custom data to the profiles as described here
• n_th/COP - External Data added to Heat Generator name This is shown after adding a custom data for the thermal efficiency to a heat generator as described here

## 2.5. Data Section¶

### 2.5.1. Heat Producers and Heat Storage – Tab¶

#### 2.5.1.1. Short Description:¶

In this Tab, the created or uploaded heat generator and heat storage data is shown in two tables (heat storage table and heat generator table). The above picture shows the initial page (no heat generators and no heat storages are defined).

Please notice that it is possible to edit the values in the tables.

By pressing the + Button you will be navigated to the Adding Tab, for adding new heat generators or heat storages, pops up between the button section and the output section (see picture below) *.

#### 2.5.1.2. Long Description:¶

##### 2.5.1.2.1. Heat Generator Table¶

Your added (by pressing the + Button) or uploaded data of heat generators is shown here. You have the opportunity to change the values of the table *.

These parameters can also be changed via uploading. Therefor you have to create an excel sheet with the structure as described here. Then the parameters must be specified in the Heat Generators worksheet.

Format, unit and description of the Heat Generators Table

Column name Format Unit Description
name String - Name of your power plant, you can give any name you want (don’t use to same names for different generators)
installed capacity (MW_th) Number MW Here you can specify the power you want to install
efficiency th Number - Here you can specify the thermal efficiency of the heat generator
efficiency el Number $$\mathbb{R}$$ $$\vee$$[0,1] - Here you can specify the electrical efficiency of the heat generator
investment costs (EUR/MW_th) Number \frac{}{\text{MW}} Here you can set the specific investment cost (especially if you try to do investment planning, this parameter can be crucial)
OPEX fix (EUR/MWa) Number \frac{}{\text{MW}} Here you can specify fixed operational expenditures
OPEX var (EUR/MWh) Number \frac{}{\text{MWh}} Here you can specify variable operational expenditures
life time Number a Here you can set the life time of your generator (in the model this is used for the annuity factor)
renewable factor Number $$\mathbb{R}$$ $$\vee$$[0,1] - Here you can set the renewable share of your generator, e.g. if your generator is 0% renewable ten you set 0, if your generator is 50% renewable then you have to set this value to 0.5. The Application tries then to meet the minimum renewable share (specified in the Parameter Tab) for the generation mix. Caution: the problem might become infeasible, e.g. if you defined a minimum share of 50% but you haven’t defined enough generators with a renewable factor higher than 0.5 the constraint for a minimum share of 50% cannot be met
must run [0-1] Number $$\mathbb{R}$$ $$\vee$$[0,1] - Here you can force a heat generator to run all the time with x% of its installed capacity, if you want to realize a base load you can use this as a parameter, e.g. if you want that your het generator run with 50% of its capacity all the time you have to set this value to 0.5. Caution: Due to other constraints, the problem might become infeasible, e.g. the heat pump doesn’t run at temperatures lower than 0°C, that means if you force a heat pump to run all the time with x% of its capacity the other constraint cannot be met and therefore the problem become infeasible

*Caution: In this table, it is not possible to change the heat generators type or energy carrier. The type is either defined by the type column in the Heat Generators worksheet when uploading power plant parameters or internally by adding from the user interface in the Add new Heat Generator Section. The same applies for the energy carriers, they can only be adapted via uploading an excel file (energy carrier worksheet) or via the internal adding section.

##### 2.5.1.2.2. Heat Storage Table¶

You have the opportunity to change the values of the table *. These parameters can also be changed via uploading. Therefor you have to create an excel sheet with the structure as described here. Then the parameters must be specified in the Heat Storage worksheet.

Format, unit and description of the Heat Storages Table

Column name Format Unit Description
name String - Name of your heat storage, you can give any name you want (don’t use to same names for different storages)
Storage Capacity [MWh] Number MWh Here you can specify the capacity you want to install (if you use only dispatch mode, you can see in the notification section, how much MW you need to cover the peak load)
loading efficiency Number $$\mathbb{R}$$ $$\vee$$[0,1] - Loading efficiency
unloading efficiency Number $$\mathbb{R}$$ $$\vee$$[0,1] - Unloading efficiency
Invesment costs for additional storage capacity [€/MWh] Number \frac{}{\text{MWh}} Here you can set the specific investment cost (especially if you try to do investment planning, this parameter can be crucial)
OPEX fix [€/MWha] Number \frac{}{\text{MWh}} Here you can specify fixed operational expenditures
Life Time [a] Number a Here you can set the life time of your generator (in the model this is used for the annuity factor)

*Caution: Please be aware that only one heat storage is available, e.g. if you don’t upload others only this storage will be editable. The + Button for heat storages does nothing, the implementation is in progress and in future this feature will become available.

##### 2.5.1.2.3. Add new Heat Generator Section¶

By pressing the + Button in the Heat Generators Table the above section pops up (please be patient this will take some time). All heat generators have the three red marked tabs in common, only for heat pumps an extra tab is shown (Coefficient of Performance, COP)

The picture below shows you all predefined heat generator types, that means by selection one of these, predefined values are loaded. You can see and edit the values in the Technical Parameters Tab and in the Finance Parameters Tab, but you can also change them in later in the Heat Generator Table. (after pressing ✓ ADD )

###### 2.5.1.2.3.6. Technical Parameters – Tab¶
• Here you can select the energy carrier with witch the heat generator is fired. You can define a name and set the thermal and electrical efficiency. For heat pumps the input for Thermal Efficiency is disabled, because it is defined via the Coefficient of Performance, COP – Tab. Each heat generator has predefined values that are shown here. You can and should change them.
• Here you can define the technical parameters for your heat storage
###### 2.5.1.2.3.7. Finance Parameters – Tab¶
• Here you can see and change predefined values of financial parameters for selected heat generator.
• Here you can set the financel Paramters for your heat storage.
###### 2.5.1.2.3.8. Model Parameters -Tab¶
• In this Tab, you can set the orange toggle Button Must Run, that mean that this heat generator must run all the time with 100% of its capacity (for more details see here) With one slider, you can set a renewable factor (values from 0 to 1, more details see here) and with the other you can set the installed capacity of your heat generator (values from 0 to Pmax,-Peak Load of the selected Heat Profile)
• In this Tab, you can set heat storage losses, please specify losses because if losses are zero it can happen that the storage is loading and unloading at the same time
###### 2.5.1.2.3.9. Coefficient of Performance, COP – Tab¶

Only heat pumps have this additional tab. Here you can select an Inlet-and-Return-Temperature and based on that selection a COP is defined. In the Technical Parameters Tab the COP value is inserted into the thermal efficiency input widget (the widget itself is disabled, meaning you cannot edit the value here, but you can change it later in the heat generators table )

### 2.5.2. Parameters – Tab¶

#### 2.5.2.1. Short Description:¶

In this tab, you can change following parameters

Column name Format Unit Description
CO2 Price [EUR/tC02] Number \frac{}{\text{t\ CO}_{2}} CO2 Certificate Price (used for the short run marginal costs)
Interest Rate [0-1] Number $$\mathbb{R}$$ $$\vee$$[0,1] - interest rate (for investment planning)
Minimum Renewable Factor [0-1]] Number $$\mathbb{R}$$ $$\vee$$[0,1] - Minimum renewable share that the thermal generation should have
Total Demand[ MWh] Number MWh Heat Consumption of one year Changing this will change the peak load (can be seen in the notification section), This cell and the Set Total Demamd (MWh) input widget in the Heat Demand Tab are coupled, this means changing one value of them changes also the other

These parameters can also be changed via uploading. Therefor you have to create an excel sheet with the structure as described here. Then the parameters must be specified in the data worksheet.

### 2.5.3. Prices & Emission factors – Tab¶

#### 2.5.3.1. Short Description:¶

In this Tab, you can set prices and emission factors for different energy carriers. These prices are used to calculate the short run marginal costs.

Column name Format Unit Description
energy carrier String - Name of the energy carrier
prices(EUR/MWh) Number \frac{}{\text{MWh}} Energy carrier price
emission factor [tCO2/MWh] Number \frac{\text{t\ CO}_{2}}{\text{MWh}} CO2 emission factor of the energy carrier

These parameters can also be changed via uploading. Therefor you have to create an excel sheet with the structure as described here. Then the parameters must be specified in the prices and emmision factors worksheet. With the uploading method, you can create your own energy carriers (max. 13). If you create new ones don’t forget to specify the new names to your heat generators in the Energy Carrier worksheet.

#### 2.5.4.1. Short Description:¶

• In this Tab, you can select (Country-Year drop-down-box) a predefined or a custom radiation profile with which you want to run the Application.
• If you have created your own profile with the Load Individual Data - Tab the profile will show up in Country-Year drop-down-box (Caution please).
• The Unit of the profile is W/m² and the model use this profile for the solar thermal power plants. For hours where the radiation is larger than 1000 W/m² the plant works with it peak capacities installed .

You have the opportunity to make *reversible modifications on the profile:

• you can set an offset (every value of the profile will be added by the offset value),
• you can set the whole profile to a constant value
• you can scale the profile (multiplication by a factor)
• or you can use the mean value as constant profile.

*By reversible we mean e.g. if you check the use mean value checkbox and uncheck again you will get your profile back (see picture below), the same applies if you set a constant value and then delete this value you will get the profile back, see in contrast the irreversible modification tool in the Load Individual Data - Tab).

### 2.5.5. Temperature – Tab¶

#### 2.5.5.1. Short Description:¶

• In this Tab, you can select (Country-Year drop-down-box) a predefined or a custom temperature profile with which you want to run the Application.
• If you have created your own profile with the Load Individual Data - Tab the profile will show up in Country-Year drop-down-box (Caution please).
• The Unit of the profile is °C and the model use this profile for the heat pumps. For hours where the temperature is smaller than 0°C the heat pumps don’t work.
• You have the opportunity to make reversible modifications on the profile (details see here).

### 2.5.6. Electricity price / Sale Electricity price – Tab¶

Process to assigning a sale-/or electricity price profile

#### 2.5.6.1. Short Description:¶

• In this Tabs, you can select (Country-Year drop-down-box) a predefined or a custom sale-/electricity price profile and then assign it to a generator (Add to drop-down-box) by pressing the - Button *.
• If you have created your own profile with the Load Individual Data - Tab the profile will show up in Country-Year drop-down-box (Caution please).
• The Unit of the profile is €/MWh and the model uses this for multiple purposes, e.g:
• If the energy carrier is electricity this influences the short run marginal costs
• If your generator produces electricity this affects the revenues
• Also, here you have the opportunity to make reversible modifications on the profile (details see here).

*Caution: It is important to press the ✓ - Button, because only so changes take effect: e.g. Let’s say we want to change the default electricity price (see picture above):

1. you select a new profile with the Country-Year drop-down-box
2. select Default in the Add to drop-down-box then
3. press the - Button,
4. then you will get an information in the notification section,

this is the only way to assign a price profile, otherwise the initial profile or the last set profile is used.

### 2.5.7. Heat Demand – Tab¶

#### 2.5.7.1. Short Description:¶

• In this Tab, you can select (Country-Year drop-down-box) a predefined or a custom load profile with which you want to run the Application.
• If you have created your own profile with the Load Individual Data - Tab the profile will show up in Country-Year drop-down-box (Caution please).
• The Unit of the profile is MW and the model use this profile as the hourly heat demand curve.

You have the opportunity to set the total heat consumption of one year. By this you set technically the sum of all values of the profile selected.

This means if the Set Total Demand (MWh) value changes the plot will adapt so that the sum you specified is met, also the Total Demand [MWh] value in the Parameters Tab will change to the value specified (and vice versa). Additionally, in the notification section you can see how the peak load changes when you change the total heat consumption (see picture above).

### 2.5.8. Load Individual Data – Tab¶

#### 2.5.8.1. Short Description:¶

##### 2.5.8.1.2. Create Data – Tools¶

Here you can create random data. You can choose between three distributions

1. Dirichlet Distribution
2. Normal Distribution
3. Linear Distribution
##### 2.5.8.1.3. Table¶

The values of the uploaded data or the created distribution are shown here. You can also change specific values inside the table.

##### 2.5.8.1.4. Plot Area¶

Here a line plot of the values from the table is shown. With the toolbar at the right sight of the plot area you can inspect the data in more detail.

##### 2.5.8.1.5. Modification Tools¶

You have the opportunity to modify the data with these tools, e.g. set the sum of all values, set an offset, scale, etc.

##### 2.5.8.1.6. Saving Tools¶

After loading your custom data, or creating a distribution you can choose for which profile you want this dataset to be added. By Pressing the save button your data can be found at the selected profiles and can be used by selecting it with the name you specified.

It is also possible to add your own thermal efficiency series to heat generators.

#### 2.5.8.2. Long Description:¶

##### 2.5.8.2.1. Upload External Data ¶

When you click on this button you will get a pop up window open, where you can select your file with the desired values. Information regarding the progress are shown in the notification section. The file you upload must have following structure:

1. It has to be either a .xlsx or a .csv data
2. the files must have the structure as below (left: .xlsx, right:csv)
3. you have to specify 8760 values and a header name
4. for .xlsx only the values of the first worksheet will be uploaded

An example of a successful upload can be seen in the picture below.

##### 2.5.8.2.2. Create Data Tool¶

This part of the user interface enables you to create random data. For this purpose, following distributions are available

###### 2.5.8.2.2.1. Dirichlet Distribution:¶

To use this distribution, you have to specify the sum$\text{\:Σ}$ - input widget. It gives you random numbers so the sum you specify is met. An example with sum$\text{\:Σ}$=10 is shown below.

###### 2.5.8.2.2.2. Normal Distribution¶

Another option to create random number is the gaussian-normal-distribution. To use this, you have to specify a mean value (sigma $$\sigma$$) and standard deviation from that value my $$\mu$$. Below is a normal distribution with $$\sigma = 100$$ and $$\mu = 100$$ shown.

###### 2.5.8.2.2.3. Linear Distribution¶

We this option you can create 8760 number that are linear distributed beginning from start and ending with stop. An example with start=-10 and stop=100 is shown below.

##### 2.5.8.2.3. Table and Plot Area¶

The values of the uploaded data or the created distribution are shown here in tabular and graphical form. You can also change specific values inside the table, in that case the cell you are editing become yellow and the graph is blurred. After editing press, the reset button on the toolbar to remove the blur.

##### 2.5.8.2.4. Modification Tools¶

You have the opportunity to modify the data with these tools, e.g. set the sum of all values, set an offset, scale, etc. *.

*Caution: This permanently change the values in the table! (It works with the direct values and therefore it is an irreversible process e.g. if you check the use the mean value checkbox and then unchecked again you will not get your profile back see picture below, you have to upload or create your data again)

Irreversible process of the modification tool in the Load Individual Data Tab